阿里云服务器手动部署MySQL数据库（CentOS 7）

步骤一：安装MySQL

1、运行以下命令更新YUM源。

rpm -Uvh  http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-9.noarch.rpm

yum -y install mysql-community-server

mysql -V

步骤二：配置MySQL

1、运行以下命令启动MySQL服务。

systemctl start mysqld

2、运行以下命令设置MySQL服务开机自启动。

systemctl enable mysqld

3、运行以下命令查看/var/log/mysqld.log文件，获取并记录root用户的初始密码。

# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
2019-04-28T06:50:56.674085Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 3w)WqGlM7-o,

说明： 下一步对MySQL进行安全性配置时，会使用该初始密码。

4、运行下列命令对MySQL进行安全性配置。​

mysql_secure_installation

        i.重置root用户的密码。  

Enter password for user root: #输入上一步获取的root用户初始密码
The 'validate_password' plugin is installed on the server.
The subsequent steps will run with the existing configuration of the plugin.
Using existing password for root.
Estimated strength of the password: 100 
Change the password for root ? ((Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y #是否更改root用户密码，输入Y
New password: #输入新密码，长度为8至30个字符，必须同时包含大小写英文字母、数字和特殊符号。特殊符号可以是()` ~!@#$%^&*-+=|{}[]:;‘<>,.?/
Re-enter new password: #再次输入新密码
Estimated strength of the password: 100 
Do you wish to continue with the password provided?(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y #是否继续操作，输入Y

      ii.删除匿名用户账号。

By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a production environment.
Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y  #是否删除匿名用户，输入Y
Success.

    iii.禁止root账号远程登录。

Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y #禁止root远程登录，输入Y
Success.

    iv.删除test库以及对test库的访问权限。

Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y #是否删除test库和对它的访问权限，输入Y
- Dropping test database...
Success.

    v.重新加载授权表。

Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y #是否重新加载授权表，输入Y
Success.
All done!

步骤三：远程访问MySQL数据库

1、在ECS实例上，创建远程登录MySQL的账号。

   i.运行以下命令后，输入root用户的密码登录MySQL。

 mysql -uroot -p

2、依次运行以下命令创建远程登录MySQL的账号。示例账号为dms、密码为123456。

mysql> grant all on *.* to 'dms'@'%'IDENTIFIED BY '123456'; #使用root替换dms，可设置为允许root账号远程登录。
mysql> flush privileges;